Different tests to identify problems corresponding with color vision. Essay

There are different test to identify problems corresponding with color vision. The most common is the American Optical/Hardy, Rand, and Ritter Pseudoisochromatic test. Specific tests have a series of pictures that as a background are filled with colored dots and somewhere in the center is a pattern of colored dots that look like a number (Figure 2). A color-blind person is not able to see the number (Laberge and Fleming 2015).
The Ishihara test is composed of eight plates or pictures, similar to the American Optical Pseudoisochromatic test pictures. Some pictures or plates tell the difference between red-green colorblindness and blue color blindness. A person with normal vision sees one number. Individuals with red-green colorblindness sees a different number. Individuals with blue colorblindness see a different number. This types of test are usually performed by a physician or optometrist (Laberge and Fleming 2015).
Another test is called the Titmus II Vision Tester Color Perception test. The individual has to look into a stereoscopic machine. It contains six different designs or numbers on a black background, framed in a yellow border. This test can't test both eyes at the same time. It can only identify red-green colorblindness (Laberge and Fleming 2015).
There's no treatment or cure for color blindness, and inherited forms cannot be prevented. But if color blindness is a result from another disease it can be prevented by treating the disease (Windelspecht 2008). But an individual suffering from this disorder may be able to adapt. Some color blindness individuals depend on color cues and details that are not obvious to individuals with normal vision (Laberge and Fleming 2015).
Also designers of traffic signals are working changing the shape of each different signal. As a result, individuals with color blindness won't get confused when to stop and go. With this method there won't be a higher risk on the road for color blind people. In fact, about 7 million North American drivers cannot perceive or distinguish between red and green lights. Another change would involve making changes to the color of brake lights in the car (Braus 2014).
In an experiment done by Mancuso and colleagues, they used gene therapy to cure red-green color blindness in adult squirrel monkeys. Color blindness is common for squirrel monkeys, all male and some female are color blind dichromats. They carry the gene that makes red photopigment or the gene that makes green photopigment. In other words squirrel monkeys have two receptor types, this give them limited color vision with the ability to see the color green or red. In this research adult color blind squirrel monkeys are injected with a virus carrying a gene for the missing photopigment into the retina. Within 20 weeks of the injection they are able to distinguish between two colors that were similar to them before the treatment. The monkeys were able to see trichtomatic vision (three color vision). The success of this experiment offers similar therapies that may improve visual functions in humans in the near future (Shapley 2009).