Process of effective distillation Essay

compounds and radon covert into vapour and can travel with the steam of the boiling chamber.
Distillation unit requires some maintenance, which usually involves draining off such as
The concentrated sediment and other containments that accumulate at the bottom of the boiling chamber.
The wall of the chamber may also need to be cleaned of hard water scale and other sediments that accumulate. The required amount of cleaning depends greatly upon the initial quantity of water used.
Very hard water can produce heavy scaling in a relatively short period of time.
If soft water is used, cleaning difficulties should be minimal.
The carbon pre and post-filters must be changed periodically as well.
Commercial distillers
Many commercial distillers' system use multiple-effect distillers. These units typically contain a number of boiling chambers, with the first chamber being under increased pressure, and successive chambers having progressively decreasing pressure. This takes advantage of the fact that the greater the steam pressure, the higher the boiling point temperature of the steam produced. The steam created in the first high pressure chamber is 'superheated' to a point well above the temperature needed tubs surrounding each of the succeeding boiling chambers, it flash vaporizes some of the cooler, lower pressure waver in each chamber. The flash vapour is then condensed in to the distilled water, as is the superheated steam when all of its heat energy is exchanged. The self sustaining nature of this process can be quiet efficient for larger quantity of the water, since only an electric or gas heating element is required for the first boiling chambers as an energy source.
A variation of the multiple-effect distiller concept is the vapour-compression distiller, which is typically used in commercial applications requiring 25 to 5000gallons per day. Vapour compression water distillers also use high pressure, superheated steam to boil water however they only use a single chamber. The water in the boiling chamber is initially converted to steam at normal temperature and pressure by an electric or gas heating element. The steam then passes through an electric compressor the compression causes it to become superheated. The superheated steam is then directed through tubes back into the distilled water as the heat transfer occurs. These systems are typically more efficient than multistage units, since the energy required to heat water using a heating element. The greater efficiency usually brings with it a greater cost, as compared to multistage units.
Distillation is an effective process for producing highly treated water for laboratory use. It is recommended that only units designed and tested for health containment reduction be used for such purposes. These units when combined with activated carbons, filtration, can be used to effectively treat such containments as
Arsenic
Lead
Mercury
Nitrate
Radium
Redon
Biological containments such as bacteria, viruses and water born cysts like cryptosporidium
Work flow of distillation plant
The inlet is connected to tap by means of rubber tubbing and tap water is introduced into the still. The water level in still checked by the overflow pipe.